The purpose of the Crusades was to reclaim the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from Muslim control and to protect Christianity. From the 11th to the 13th centuries, several Crusades were undertaken by European Christians. These campaigns resulted in significant social, political, and economic changes. While the Crusades failed to maintain a permanent Christian presence in the Holy Land, they had a lasting impact on Europe, including the spread of knowledge, trade, and cultural exchanges between the East and West.
