The main effect of the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) was the establishment of the "separate but equal" doctrine, which allowed for racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans in public facilities. This ruling upheld the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in various aspects of life, such as schools, transportation, and housing. It further perpetuated systemic racial inequality and contributed to the implementation of Jim Crow laws throughout the Southern United States. The case severely limited the civil rights and freedoms of African Americans, leading to decades of racial discrimination and unequal treatment. Plessy v. Ferguson was later overturned by the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
