Who was Biddy Mason? Describe the impact that she had on Los Angeles
Biddy Mason, born as Bridget "Biddy" Mason on August 15, 1818, was an African American nurse, midwife, and real estate entrepreneur. Her life and contributions had a significant impact on the development of Los Angeles.
Biddy Mason was born into slavery in Hancock County, Georgia. She was owned by a Mormon couple, Robert and Rebecca Smith, who moved to Mississippi and later to Utah. In 1851, when her masters wanted to move to the slave state of Texas, Mason, along with several other enslaved individuals, refused to go, as California was a free state. The group's refusal led to a landmark court case, Mason v. Smith, where Biddy Mason fought for her freedom.
In January 1856, Biddy Mason and her family gained their freedom due to the decision made in the court case. They moved to Los Angeles, where Biddy worked as a midwife, nurse, and healer. She quickly became renowned for her medical expertise and compassion, especially among the marginalized communities. Mason's care extended to both black and white individuals, as she became known for providing assistance to people from all walks of life.
Biddy Mason's financial acumen was also noteworthy. Despite being illiterate, she managed to save her earnings and invest in real estate. By 1866, she had amassed significant wealth and purchased land on Spring Street. As the city grew, so did the value of her investments. Mason was a key figure in the development of Los Angeles' first African American business district, known as the "Spring Street District."
Furthermore, Biddy Mason was a philanthropist and dedicated to helping others. She used her wealth to support charitable causes, provide assistance to the homeless and needy, and contribute to building the First African Methodist Episcopal Church (FAME). Her generosity extended beyond her lifetime, as she left provisions in her will to ensure that funds would be available for continuing charitable work after her death.
Biddy Mason's impact on Los Angeles was immense. She not only played a vital role in the city's black community but also contributed to its economic growth. Her story and achievements embody perseverance, resilience, and determination against all odds. Today, Biddy Mason's legacy is recognized and celebrated as an important figure in the history of Los Angeles and the fight for freedom and equality.