The test: To understand if the ACTN3 protein affects running ability, researchers conducted a test. They recruited a group of competitive runners and measured the level of ACTN3 protein molecules each runner had in their bodies. Then, they had the runners participate in a sprint (a short-distance run). During the test, the runners sprinted as fast as they could for 100 meters.
Evidence: Scientists found that the runners in the test who sprinted the slowest had no ACTN3 protein molecules in their bodies.
Do you think that this evidence shows that the ACTN3 protein determines running ability? Explain your ideas using the words protein, trait, and feature in your response.
Based on the evidence provided, it is reasonable to conclude that the presence of the ACTN3 protein is associated with running ability. The absence of ACTN3 protein molecules in the bodies of the runners who sprinted the slowest suggests that this protein plays a significant role in determining their running ability.
The ACTN3 protein can be considered a trait or feature that is present in some individuals and absent in others. In this case, the presence of the ACTN3 protein appears to contribute to better running ability, as evidenced by the faster sprint times of the runners who had the protein compared to those who did not.
However, it is important to note that running ability is likely influenced by multiple factors, including genetic, environmental, and training-related aspects. While the absence of ACTN3 protein may be linked to slower sprint speeds, it does not necessarily mean that it is the sole determinant of running ability. Other genetic variations and factors may also contribute to an individual's overall running performance.
Therefore, while the evidence supports a relationship between the presence of ACTN3 protein and running ability, it is crucial to consider additional factors that could influence an individual's performance in order to have a more comprehensive understanding.