Why do the mid latitude cyclones move from west to east
The movement of mid-latitude cyclones from west to east is primarily influenced by the global wind patterns known as the westerlies. These are strong, prevailing winds that blow from west to east in the middle latitudes (between 30 and 60 degrees latitude) in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Mid-latitude cyclones, also known as extratropical cyclones, develop in regions where there is a strong contrast in air temperature and pressure between two air masses. As warm, moist air from the equator collides with cold, dry air from polar regions, it creates an area of low pressure. This low-pressure system begins to rotate due to the Coriolis effect, a phenomenon caused by the rotation of the Earth.
The westerlies, which flow in the opposite direction to the rotation caused by the low-pressure system, help to steer and propel mid-latitude cyclones from west to east. The strong westerly winds carry the cyclones across continents and oceans, allowing them to travel long distances.
Furthermore, the movement of mid-latitude cyclones from west to east is also influenced by the distribution of high and low-pressure systems in different regions. High-pressure systems, which are associated with clear and dry conditions, tend to block the eastward movement of cyclones. Conversely, low-pressure systems, which bring unsettled weather, can help accelerate the movement of cyclones.
Overall, the combined effects of the westerlies, the Coriolis effect, and the distribution of high and low-pressure systems contribute to the eastward movement of mid-latitude cyclones in the mid-latitudes.