Why do mid latitudes cyclones dissipate
Mid-latitude cyclones, also known as extratropical cyclones or low-pressure systems, dissipate due to several factors:
1. Lack of an energy source: Mid-latitude cyclones derive their energy from the temperature contrast between warm and cold air masses. As the cyclone moves toward regions with more uniform or less contrasting temperatures, its energy source diminishes, leading to its dissipation.
2. Loss of temperature contrast: The intensification of mid-latitude cyclones is often associated with the presence of a temperature gradient, with warm air ahead of the cyclone and cold air behind it. As the cyclone moves, it tends to mix the warm and cold air, equalizing the temperature and reducing the temperature gradient, which results in the dissipation of the cyclone.
3. Decreased moisture supply: Mid-latitude cyclones also require a moisture source to maintain their intensity. As they move away from oceans or large bodies of water, the supply of moist air diminishes, thus reducing the cyclone's ability to sustain itself.
4. Interaction with land: When mid-latitude cyclones move over land, their dissipation often accelerates. Land surfaces tend to have lower heat capacities compared to water bodies, resulting in a faster loss of heat by the cyclone. Additionally, land surfaces are rougher than water, causing more friction, which affects the cyclone's ability to maintain its circulation.
Overall, the dissipation of mid-latitude cyclones is a result of a combination of diminishing energy sources, loss of temperature contrast, decreased moisture supply, and interaction with land surfaces.