The main difference between mid-latitude cyclones in the northern and southern hemispheres
The main difference between mid-latitude cyclones in the northern and southern hemispheres lies in their rotation direction. In the northern hemisphere, mid-latitude cyclones rotate counterclockwise, while in the southern hemisphere, they rotate clockwise.
This difference in rotation direction is due to the Coriolis effect, which is caused by the rotation of the Earth. The Coriolis effect causes moving air (and other objects) to be deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. As a result, the air circulation around mid-latitude cyclones is opposite in the two hemispheres.
Additionally, due to the Earth's tilt and the resulting asymmetric heating patterns, the distribution of mid-latitude cyclones is not entirely symmetric in both hemispheres. The northern hemisphere experiences more pronounced temperature contrasts, particularly between the polar regions and the equator, resulting in more frequent and intense mid-latitude cyclones compared to the southern hemisphere.