define these terms…
Genotype-
Phenotype-
Mutation-
Gene-
Chromosome-
Trait-
Allele-
Environmental factor-
Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism, referring to the specific combination of alleles that an individual has inherited from its parents.
Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, which are influenced by both its genotype and environmental factors.
Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence of a gene, which can result in a different genotype and potentially alter the phenotype of an organism.
Gene: A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for producing a specific protein or RNA molecule, and is the fundamental unit of heredity.
Chromosome: A condensed structure of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of cells, which carries genes and is responsible for the inheritance of traits from one generation to the next.
Trait: A specific characteristic or feature of an organism, such as eye color or height, that is determined by the combination of genes and environmental factors.
Allele: One of the alternative forms of a gene, which occupies a specific location (locus) on a chromosome. Alleles can differ from each other in their DNA sequence and can give rise to different phenotypic traits.
Environmental factor: Any external factor or condition, such as temperature, diet, or exposure to certain substances, that can influence the phenotype of an organism but is not directly encoded in its genotype.