what were the powers kept by the fedderal govenerment under the federal system of government in the united states?
Under the federal system of government in the United States, the federal government retained various powers. These include:
1. Enumerated or Delegated Powers: These are specific powers explicitly granted to the federal government by the U.S. Constitution. Examples of such powers include the authority to regulate commerce among states, coin money, declare war, establish post offices, and make treaties.
2. Implied Powers: The federal government also possesses implicit powers that are not explicitly stated in the Constitution but are necessary and proper to carry out its enumerated powers. These powers derive from the Necessary and Proper Clause, also known as the Elastic Clause. It enables the federal government to take actions that are necessary for the effective exercise of its enumerated powers.
3. Interstate Relations: The federal government maintains control over issues that affect multiple states, such as negotiating treaties and making regulations regarding foreign affairs. It also oversees interstate commerce, ensuring a free and fair trade environment.
4. National Defense: The federal government has the responsibility to protect the nation from external threats and maintain a standing army, navy, and air force. It has the power to declare war, address national security and defense-related matters, and establish military bases.
5. Immigration and Naturalization: The federal government has the authority to regulate immigration and establish laws for the naturalization process by which foreign-born individuals become U.S. citizens.
6. Currency and Monetary System: The federal government has the power to coin money, regulate its value, and establish a national currency. This authority lies with the Federal Reserve System, which controls monetary policy.
7. Intellectual Property Rights: The federal government protects intellectual property rights such as patents, copyrights, and trademarks through laws and agencies like the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and the U.S. Copyright Office.
8. Postal Service: The federal government has the power to establish and regulate a national postal service, ensuring the efficient delivery of mail throughout the country.
It is important to note that while the federal government possesses these powers, there are also reserved powers that are left to the states and shared powers between the federal and state governments.