In three describe how the diagram of Earth’s carbon cycle demonstrates the interactions among the biosphere (plants), the lithosphere (ground), the atmosphere (air), and the hydrosphere (water)
The diagram of Earth's carbon cycle illustrates the interactions among the biosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere in the following ways:
1. Exchange of carbon dioxide: The biosphere shows the transfer of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to plants during the process of photosynthesis. Through this process, plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and convert it into organic compounds, releasing oxygen back into the atmosphere. This exchange of carbon dioxide between the biosphere and atmosphere is crucial for maintaining the balance of atmospheric gases.
2. Carbon storage and release: The lithosphere plays a significant role in the carbon cycle by storing and releasing carbon. Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere dissolves in water bodies, forming carbonic acid, which reacts with rocks and minerals in the lithosphere, converting into bicarbonate ions. Over time, these ions can combine with calcium ions to form carbonate minerals, storing carbon in the lithosphere. However, volcanic activity or weathering processes can release the stored carbon back into the atmosphere or water bodies, completing the cycle.
3. Carbon transport through water: The hydrosphere acts as a medium for carbon transport. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water bodies such as oceans and rivers, forming carbonic acid. This acid dissociates into bicarbonate and carbonate ions, which are then readily available for uptake by marine organisms. Through processes like photosynthesis in marine plants and incorporation into shells or skeletons of marine animals, carbon is assimilated into the organisms and later deposited in sediments after their death. This carbon-rich sediment eventually enters the lithosphere through deposition or burial, completing the carbon cycle's aquatic component.
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The diagram of Earth's carbon cycle shows the interactions among the biosphere (plants), lithosphere (ground), atmosphere (air), and hydrosphere (water):
1. Carbon dioxide exchange: Plants in the biosphere absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and release oxygen back into the air.
2. Carbon storage and release: The lithosphere stores carbon as carbonic acid in water bodies and later converts it into carbonate minerals. Volcanic activity or weathering processes can release the stored carbon back into the atmosphere or water bodies.
3. Carbon transport through water: Carbon dioxide dissolves in water bodies, forming carbonic acid, which dissociates into bicarbonate and carbonate ions. Marine organisms assimilate carbon through photosynthesis or the formation of shells/skeletons, and carbon enters the lithosphere through sediments after their death.
These interactions between the biosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere maintain the carbon cycle on Earth.