Dr. Brown conducted a study on how phones impact attention. Half of the participants were told to turn off their phones and put them in a bag under the desk. The other half were told to leave there phones turned on and sitting out on their desks in front of them. All participants then listened to a 75 minute lecture. She measured their ability to by attention by having participants complete a multiple choice test after the lecture was over. What is the independent variable?

The independent variable in this study is whether the participants turned off their phones and put them in a bag under the desk or left their phones turned on and sitting out on their desks in front of them.