What is the difference between refference and Bibliography in a dissertation?

In a dissertation, a reference and a bibliography serve different purposes and contain different types of information.

A reference, also known as a citation, is a specific source of information that is directly referred to or used as evidence to support a particular point in the dissertation. It includes details such as the author's name, title of the work, publication date, and page number(s) or URL of the source. References are typically included within the main body of the dissertation or in footnotes/endnotes to acknowledge the sources that have been cited.

A bibliography, on the other hand, is a broader list of sources that have been consulted during the research process, but may not have been directly cited or referred to in the dissertation. It includes a comprehensive list of all relevant sources used for background research, supporting literature, or general information on the topic. A bibliography can contain a range of materials such as books, articles, websites, reports, interviews, and more. It provides a complete overview of the sources considered in the research, regardless of whether they were cited directly or not.

To summarize, references are specific sources that are cited within the dissertation, while a bibliography is a comprehensive list of all sources consulted during the research process, regardless of whether they were cited or not.