Origin of New Political Parties During the 1820s, nearly all politicians were members of Jefferson's Democratic-Republican Party. In the 1830s, however, new political parties took shape. These parties grew out of the conflict between John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson.A portrait of a balding man with muttonchops, seated in a comfortable chair next to a table. He rests one hand across some books on the table, while his other hand holds his place in a book on his lap. He wears a black jacket and white shirt.
John Quincy Adams, the sixth President of the United States, thought that the federal government should adopt policies and pay for projects that would help the economy.
The Whig Party Democratic-Republicans who supported Adams and his programs for national growth called themselves National Republicans. In 1834, many of them joined a new party, organized by Henry Clay and known as the Whig Party.
Whigs had very specific points of view. Whigs wanted the federal government to promote business by paying for roads and canals. Whigs believed that the federal government should oversee banks. They believed that a stable banking system would encourage business. Whigs also wanted higher tariffs.
The Whigs had their strongest support the Northeast, with some support in cities and towns in the South and West. People from these places backed the Whigs because these places relied on manufacturing and commerce, and Whig policies aimed to help those parts of the economy.
Tariffs are taxes or fees placed on imported goods. By making imports more expensive, they help domestic producers. However, they may prompt foreign governments to impose tariffs in response. So tariffs can threaten exporters. Those who supported the Whigs included eastern factory owners and other businessmen, some southern planters, and many former Federalists. A portrait of a man with bushy, white sideburns, wearing a black jacket, overcoat, and tie, with a white shirt.
Henry Clay was a noted U.S. senator and a founder of the Whig Party. Like John Quincy Adams, he supported a strong federal government.Whigs were often divided into factions, and not all of the party's members always followed the party's direction.
The Democratic Party Jackson and other Democratic-Republicans who supported him began to call themselves the Democratic Party. Today's Democratic Party traces its roots to Andrew Jackson's time. Like the Whig Party, Democrats also had a point of view. They called for more political power for ordinary white men and opposed privileges for the wealthy or educated. Democrats were opposed to tariffs and a federal government role in the economy.
Democrats opposed high tariffs, because farmers counted on being able to sell their goods overseas and did not want to risk retaliatory tariffs. They also did not want to pay more for imported goods. Democrats supported westward expansion to open up more land for frontier settlers.
Democrats were usually more tightly organized than Whigs. Members usually followed the direction set by party leaders. Democrats had strong support in the South and West, especially among small farmers and workers. These groups also supported Democrats in some parts of the Northeast. Small farmers and workers supported the Democrats because Democrats spoke up for small farmers, workers, and Westerners against bankers and Northeastern businessmen. A Bitter Campaign In 1828, Adams faced an uphill battle for reelection. This time, Andrew Jackson was Adams's only opponent. The campaign was a bitter contest. The focus was not on issues, but on the candidates' personalities.A painting of a family with a man, a woman, and three children, outside their simple, frontier home. The father and the oldest son bring several different animal carcasses back from a hunting trip. Andrew Jackson appealed to settlers on the western frontier because Jackson was a westerner himself, had grown up poor, and was seen as a self-reliant individualist.ackson supporters renewed charges that Adams had made a “corrupt bargain” after the 1824 election. They also attacked Adams as an aristocrat, or member of the upper class. Adams supporters replied with similar attacks. They called Jackson a dangerous “military chieftain.” If Jackson became President, they warned, he could become a dictator like Napoleon Bonaparte of France. Jackson won the election easily. His supporters cheered the outcome as a victory for the common people. By common people, they meant white people who worked for a living, including farmers and city workers. For the first time, the politics of the common people were important.
By reading answer Compare and contrast the political and personal differences of Adams and Jackson
John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson had significant differences both in terms of their political viewpoints and their personal backgrounds.
Political Differences:
1. Economic Policies: Adams believed in adopting federal policies that would promote economic growth and development, such as funding infrastructure projects like roads and canals. On the other hand, Jackson's Democratic Party opposed federal intervention in the economy and favored limited government involvement.
2. Tariffs: Adams supported higher tariffs to protect domestic industries and promote economic growth. In contrast, Jackson and his supporters, particularly those in the agricultural South, opposed high tariffs as they believed it would lead to retaliatory tariffs on their agricultural exports.
3. Role of the Federal Government: Adams believed in a strong federal government that could undertake internal improvements and support economic development. Jackson, however, was skeptical of a strong federal government, preferring to leave the economy and internal improvements to individual states.
Personal Differences:
1. Background and Upbringing: John Quincy Adams came from a privileged background, as the son of former President John Adams. He was well-educated and had a long and distinguished career in public service. Andrew Jackson, on the other hand, grew up in poverty and was largely self-taught. His rough upbringing and experiences on the frontier shaped his perspective and made him a champion of the common man.
2. Personality: Adams was reserved and intellectual, often seen as aloof and lacking in charisma. Jackson, on the other hand, was known for his fiery personality and passionate speeches. He had a strong appeal to the emotions and was seen as a charismatic leader.
3. Political Style: Adams was known for his focus on policy and intellectual arguments, often relying on facts and logic to make his case. Jackson, on the other hand, had a more populist approach, connecting with the common people and utilizing emotional appeals.
In summary, Adams and Jackson had significant differences in terms of their political ideologies and personal backgrounds. Adams supported a strong federal government and policies for economic growth, while Jackson opposed federal intervention and favored limited government involvement. Additionally, their personal backgrounds and personalities shaped their political styles, with Adams being reserved and intellectual, and Jackson being fiery and charismatic.
did you get your answer from the text
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shorten your answer in bullet points
- Adams supported federal policies to promote economic growth, while Jackson favored limited government involvement.
- Adams supported higher tariffs, while Jackson's Democratic Party opposed them.
- Adams believed in a strong federal government, while Jackson was skeptical and preferred state control.
- Adams came from a privileged background, while Jackson grew up in poverty on the frontier.
- Adams was reserved and intellectual, while Jackson was fiery and charismatic.
- Adams focused on policy and intellectual arguments, while Jackson had a populist approach.
make it shorter because i am writing this as notes and needs to be short
- Adams: supported federal policies for economic growth, higher tariffs, strong federal government, privileged background, reserved and intellectual
- Jackson: favored limited government involvement, opposed tariffs, skeptical of strong federal government, grew up in poverty on frontier, fiery and charismatic