What instrument is used by scientists to measure the strength of earthquakes? Explain
a
Hydrometer
b
Barometer
c
Siesmograph
d
Chromograph
c. Seismograph
A seismograph is the instrument used by scientists to measure the strength of earthquakes. It consists of a base or a frame that is securely attached to the ground, and a pendulum or a mass suspended from it. When an earthquake occurs, the ground shakes and the seismograph's base remains fixed, while the suspended mass tends to stay still due to inertia. As a result, the relative motion between the base and the suspended mass is recorded on a drum or a graph.
The seismograph typically consists of a pen or a stylus that is attached to the suspended mass and moves along with it. This pen draws a line on a rotating drum or a graph paper, creating a record called a seismogram. The seismogram displays the movement of the ground during an earthquake, and scientists can use it to determine the magnitude or strength of the earthquake.
By analyzing the seismogram, scientists can study the characteristics of earthquakes, such as their duration, amplitude, frequency, and waveform. This data helps in understanding the source of the earthquake, the energy released, and the potential impact on structures and the surrounding area. Overall, the seismograph is an essential tool for earthquake monitoring and research.