Which list below correctly describes how adding heat energy affects water during a phase change and not during a phase change. explain
a
During a phase change: the added heat energy is used to overcome the forces of attraction between the water molecules, and the temperature of water increases.
Not during a phase change: The added heat energy causes the kinetic energy of the particles to increase, the temperature of the water remains constant.
b
During a phase change: the added heat energy is used to overcome the forces of attraction between the water molecules, and the temperature of water decreases.
Not during a phase change: The added heat energy causes the kinetic energy of the particles to increase, which causes a decrease in temperature.
c
During a phase change: the added heat energy is used to overcome the forces of attraction between the water molecules, and the temperature of water remains the same.
Not during a phase change: The added heat energy causes the kinetic energy of the particles to increase, which causes an increase in temperature.
d
During a phase change: the added heat energy is used to overcome the forces of attraction between the water molecules, and the temperature of water remains the same.
Not during a phase change: The added heat energy causes the kinetic energy of the particles to increase, which causes a decrease in temperature.
The correct answer is:
d
During a phase change: the added heat energy is used to overcome the forces of attraction between the water molecules, and the temperature of water remains the same.
Not during a phase change: The added heat energy causes the kinetic energy of the particles to increase, which causes an increase in temperature.
Explanation:
During a phase change, such as from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas, the added heat energy is used to break the bonds or forces of attraction between the water molecules, allowing them to move more freely. This process requires energy, but it does not result in a change in temperature. The temperature remains constant until all of the substance has undergone the phase change.
When heat energy is added to water not during a phase change, the kinetic energy of the particles increases. This means that the water molecules move faster and the temperature of the water increases. The added heat energy is converted into increased motion of the molecules, resulting in a rise in temperature.