Which of the following statements BEST analyzes how James Madison contributed to the U.S. political structures and decision making today? Please choose the BEST answer.
A: Madison was the first U.S. president and supported a strong executive
B: Madison's theory on the separation of powers and checks and balances inspired two important components of the U.S. government.
C: Madison wrote the Connecticut Compromise, which served as the basis of debate over representation in Congress at the Constitutional Convention
D: Madison wrote the Virginia Plan, which served as the basis of debate over representation in Congress at the Constitutional Convention