Discuss the factor affecting population pressure and draw the population pyramid of Ethiopia
Population pressure is influenced by a variety of factors, including birth rates, death rates, and migration patterns. These factors can vary significantly between different countries and regions, leading to variations in population pressure.
One factor affecting population pressure is the birth rate. Countries with high birth rates tend to experience population pressure, as the number of births exceeds the number of deaths. High birth rates can be influenced by cultural practices, lack of access to contraception and family planning, and social and economic factors. Areas with high birth rates often face challenges in providing basic services such as education, healthcare, and housing to their growing populations.
Another factor is the death rate. High death rates can also contribute to population pressure, particularly in regions with inadequate healthcare and high prevalence of diseases. Factors such as access to clean water, sanitation, nutrition, and healthcare services can impact mortality rates, with higher rates contributing to population pressure.
Migration is another significant factor affecting population pressure. Population pressure can be alleviated through movement of people from one area to another, either internally or internationally. In some cases, people may move from rural to urban areas in search of better economic opportunities, resulting in population growth and pressure in urban centers. Similarly, international migration can also influence population pressure, as people may move to countries with better economic prospects, leading to population growth in those areas.
Ethiopia, in particular, has been experiencing steady population growth over the years. According to the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia, as of 2019, the population of Ethiopia was estimated to be over 112 million, making it the second-most populous country in Africa after Nigeria. The factors contributing to population pressure in Ethiopia include high birth rates, limited access to contraception and family planning services, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and high mortality rates due to diseases, malnutrition, and limited access to clean water and sanitation.
Drawing a population pyramid for Ethiopia would require access to specific age and gender distribution data, which may vary depending on the source and year. However, a general overview of Ethiopia's population pyramid would likely show a wide base, indicating a large population of younger individuals, and tapering towards the top, indicating a smaller population of older individuals. This shape suggests that Ethiopia has a young and growing population, which can contribute to population pressure and put strain on the country's resources and services.