If an artist uses a famous work of art to make a statement about the negative impact of what that art represents is that an homage

No, making a statement about the negative impact of a famous work of art is not considered an homage. Homage typically involves paying tribute or showing respect to the original work, usually by replicating or referencing it in a positive or celebratory manner. When an artist critiques or comments on the negative aspects of a famous work of art, it is more likely a form of criticism or subversion rather than an homage.