describe complications of inguinal hernia
Complications of inguinal hernia occur when the protruding tissue in the groin becomes trapped or incarcerated, leading to more serious conditions. Here are some common complications:
1. Incarceration: This occurs when the hernia becomes trapped in the inguinal canal, and the blood supply to the herniated tissue may be compromised. This can result in severe pain, tenderness, and the inability to push the hernia back into place. If left untreated, incarceration may progress to a more serious complication called strangulation.
2. Strangulation: Strangulation happens when the blood supply to the incarcerated hernia is completely cut off, leading to tissue death. This is a medical emergency and requires immediate surgical intervention. Symptoms include intense and constant pain, nausea, vomiting, and presence of a tender, firm, and discolored mass in the groin.
3. Obstruction: Sometimes, the intestine or other tissue can become trapped in the hernia sac without the blood supply being compromised. This can obstruct the flow of food or stool through the bowel, causing symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, or difficulty passing gas. It requires medical attention.
4. Infection: In rare cases, a hernia can become infected, leading to localized redness, warmth, swelling, and tenderness in the groin area. Fever, chills, and discharge or unpleasant smell from the hernia site may also occur. Antibiotics and surgical intervention may be required to treat the infection.
5. Recurrence: After surgical repair of an inguinal hernia, there is a small risk of the hernia reoccurring. This can happen if the repaired tissue weakens or if there is an inadequate repair. It may necessitate another surgical procedure.
It's important to seek medical attention if you suspect an inguinal hernia or if you experience any concerning symptoms related to a known hernia, as complications can occur and potentially become life-threatening if left untreated.