what is Migration Period architecture
Migration Period architecture refers to the architectural style and structures that were built during the Migration Period in Europe, also known as the Early Middle Ages, approximately from the 4th to the 9th century AD. This period saw significant cultural and demographic changes, as various tribal groups migrated across Europe, including the Germanic, Slavic, and Celtic peoples.
Migration Period architecture is characterized by its simplicity, functionality, and a mixture of different influences from various cultural groups. It reflects a fusion of Roman, Byzantine, and indigenous traditions, resulting in a unique architectural style.
One prominent architectural feature during this period is the use of timber construction, as many buildings were made of wood due to its availability and ease of construction. Timber halls, often long and rectangular in shape with a thatched roof, were common residential and communal structures.
Another architectural element is the integration of Roman and Byzantine elements, such as the use of stone or brick for larger and more important structures like churches and fortifications. Roman building techniques, such as the use of the basilica plan or central-plan layout, were sometimes incorporated.
Migration Period architecture is also characterized by the absence of large-scale monumental structures. The focus was more on small-scale, practical buildings suited for the needs of the migrating peoples. Defence and fortification structures, such as hill forts and defensive walls, were essential for protection against invading forces.
Overall, Migration Period architecture is known for its functional and practical approach, reflecting the societal and cultural changes occurring during this tumultuous period in European history.