Classification and their types public models of administration
Public models of administration can be classified into several types based on their characteristics and approaches. Some common types of public models of administration include:
1. Bureaucratic Model: This model emphasizes hierarchy, formal rules and procedures, division of labor, and merit-based selection and promotion. It focuses on efficient and rational decision-making processes.
2. New Public Management (NPM) Model: This model emphasizes decentralization, market mechanisms, performance-based management, customer satisfaction, and results-oriented approaches. It promotes a more business-like and customer-centric approach in the public sector.
3. Participatory Model: This model focuses on citizen involvement and engagement in decision-making processes. It seeks to enhance democracy, transparency, accountability, and responsiveness by involving citizens and various stakeholders in policy formulation and implementation.
4. Collaborative Governance Model: This model emphasizes collaboration and partnership between government agencies, civil society organizations, businesses, and communities. It seeks to address complex and systemic issues through shared decision-making, joint problem-solving, and collective action.
5. Social Equity Model: This model focuses on ensuring fairness and equal treatment for all individuals and communities. It aims to address social, economic, and environmental inequalities and inequities by promoting social justice and inclusion in public policies and programs.
6. Policy Network Model: This model emphasizes the interaction and collaboration between various stakeholders, including government agencies, interest groups, advocacy organizations, and experts. It recognizes that policy-making is a complex process involving multiple actors and networks.
7. Decentralized Model: This model emphasizes the delegation of authority and decision-making power to lower levels of government or local communities. It seeks to enhance local participation, responsiveness, and adaptability to specific needs and contexts.
These are just a few examples of public models of administration, and there can be variations and combinations of these models in practice, depending on the specific context and objectives of public administration.