During the Middle Ages Muslims made many intellectual contributions. They built upon the knowledge obtained by previous cultures. Much of Islam scientific advances were based on the scientific knowledge of

The Greeks
The Mayans
The mongoose
The japanese

The correct answer is the Greeks. During the Middle Ages, Muslims preserved and translated ancient Greek texts, particularly those of philosophers like Aristotle, Plato, and Pythagoras, as well as works of mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. They built upon this knowledge and made significant contributions in various branches of science, including mathematics, optics, astronomy, medicine, and chemistry. This period is often referred to as the Islamic Golden Age, during which Islamic scholars played a crucial role in preserving and expanding scientific knowledge.