How is gamete formation like tossing a coin? Consider Mendel's purple-flowered pea plants again. Assume that a plant is heterozygous for the flower-color allele, so it has the genotype Pp (see the Figure below). During meiosis, homologous chromosomes, and the alleles they carry, segregate and go to different gametes. Therefore, when the Pp pea plant forms gametes, the P and p alleles segregate and go to different gametes. As a result, half the gametes produced by the Pp parent will have the P allele and half will have the p allele. Based on the rules of probability, any given gamete of this parent has a 50 percent chance of having the P allele and a 50 percent chance of having the p allele.
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