What was the social structure in each of the Mauryan empire?
The social structure of the Mauryan empire was characterized by a hierarchical system where individuals were divided into different classes or varnas. The varna system existed in ancient India and was based on occupation and birth.
1. Kshatriyas: The Kshatriyas were the uppermost varna in the social hierarchy and consisted of the ruling class, including the king and the warrior aristocracy. They were responsible for protecting the kingdom and maintaining law and order.
2. Brahmins: The Brahmins were the priestly class and were responsible for performing religious rituals and offering prayers to the gods. They held a high status in society due to their connection with spirituality and religious activities.
3. Vaishyas: The Vaishyas were the merchant and trading class. They engaged in agriculture, trade, and commerce. They were involved in economic activities and were considered an important part of society.
4. Shudras: The Shudras were the laboring and service class. They were responsible for manual labor and served the other three varnas. They were considered to be at the bottom of the social hierarchy and had limited social and economic opportunities.
Apart from these varnas, there were also individuals who were considered outside the varna system. They were known as the untouchables or the Chandals and were involved in occupations considered impure such as handling dead bodies or dealing with sewage. They were ostracized from society and faced severe discrimination.
The Mauryan empire also had a centralized system of administration with officers appointed by the king to govern various regions. The emperor, the king's family, and the nobility held significant power and wealth in society. Overall, the social structure of the Mauryan empire was predominantly based on birth, occupation, and social status.