The supercontinent Pangea is supported by the theory of continental drift, which is what
explains how the Earth's continents moved over time. The theory of continental drift suggests that millions of years ago, all the continents were combined into one large landmass known as Pangea. Over time, due to the movement of tectonic plates, the continents gradually separated and moved to their current positions.
The evidence supporting the theory of continental drift includes the fit of continents, meaning that the coastlines of certain continents can fit together like puzzle pieces. For example, the eastern coastlines of South America and the western coastlines of Africa appear to align perfectly.
Additionally, the distribution of fossils and similarities in geological formations on different continents provide further evidence. Fossils of the same species have been found on different continents that are now separated by vast oceans. This indicates that these continental landmasses were once connected.
Furthermore, the matching age of rock formations on different continents suggests a shared geological history. For instance, the Appalachian Mountains in North America and the Caledonian Mountains in Europe exhibit similar rock structures and ages.
These pieces of evidence, combined with the observation of current plate tectonics and the existence of mid-ocean ridges and subduction zones, support the theory of continental drift and the existence of the supercontinent Pangea.