whats a verticle line test?

simple easy to understand answer

A vertical line test is a mathematical tool used to determine whether a graph represents a function. It involves drawing a vertical line anywhere on the graph and checking whether it intersects the graph in only one point at any given x-coordinate. If the vertical line intersects the graph at multiple points, then the graph does not represent a function. Conversely, if the vertical line only intersects the graph at one point for each x-coordinate, then the graph represents a function.