Choose an application that both resources are used for. Research how the
resource is used for the application. Determine the pros and cons of their usage.
Write a report or create a presentation to share your research and explain why you
I think one resource is better suited for the application you chose.
Name
Appearance
Hardness
Luster
Magnetism
Cleavage/Fracture
Other Notes
Use
bituminous coal and anthracite
Bituminous coal and anthracite are both types of coal that are used primarily for energy production and heating purposes.
Bituminous coal is a relatively soft coal with a shiny appearance. It ranges in hardness from 1 to 3 on the Mohs scale. It has a dull to shiny luster and is not magnetic. Bituminous coal has a conchoidal fracture, meaning it breaks with smooth, curved surfaces. It is primarily composed of carbon, along with varying amounts of other elements such as hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen.
Anthracite, on the other hand, is a harder and more compact form of coal. It has a deep black appearance with a dull to shiny luster. Anthracite is higher in carbon content compared to bituminous coal, making it denser and more energy-rich. It has a hardness of 2.5 to 3 on the Mohs scale and is not magnetic. Anthracite has a conchoidal fracture similar to bituminous coal.
Both bituminous coal and anthracite are used for energy production, as they contain high amounts of carbon that combust when burned. They are widely used in power plants for electricity generation and in residential and commercial buildings for heating purposes.
Pros of using bituminous coal for energy production:
1. Abundance: Bituminous coal is one of the most abundant fossil fuels, ensuring a stable and reliable source of energy.
2. Lower cost: Bituminous coal is generally less expensive compared to other forms of energy, such as natural gas or oil.
3. Versatility: Bituminous coal can be used for various applications, including electricity generation, heating, and industrial processes.
Cons of using bituminous coal for energy production:
1. Environmental impact: Burning bituminous coal releases greenhouse gases and air pollutants, contributing to climate change and air pollution.
2. Non-renewable: Bituminous coal is a finite resource, meaning it cannot be replenished on a human timescale.
3. Health risks: The combustion of bituminous coal can produce particulate matter and toxic substances, which can have negative health effects on both humans and the environment.
Pros of using anthracite for energy production:
1. High energy content: Anthracite coal has a higher carbon content, which results in a higher heat output per unit of coal compared to bituminous coal.
2. Less environmental impact: Due to its higher carbon content, burning anthracite releases fewer greenhouse gases and air pollutants compared to bituminous coal.
3. Long burning time: Anthracite coal burns slowly and steadily, allowing for longer heat retention and less frequent refueling.
Cons of using anthracite for energy production:
1. Limited availability: Anthracite coal reserves are limited, making it less abundant compared to bituminous coal.
2. Higher cost: Anthracite coal is generally more expensive than bituminous coal due to its higher heat value and limited availability.
3. Difficulty in ignition: Anthracite coal requires a higher temperature to ignite compared to bituminous coal, making it more challenging to start a fire or initiate combustion.
In conclusion, both bituminous coal and anthracite are suitable resources for energy production and heating applications. The choice between the two depends on factors such as cost, availability, environmental impact, and specific requirements of the application. While bituminous coal offers abundance and versatility, anthracite provides higher energy content and lower environmental impact. Ultimately, the preference for one resource over the other may depend on the specific priorities and trade-offs of the user or energy industry.