What is splenectomy
Splenectomy is the surgical removal of the spleen. The spleen is a small organ located in the upper left side of the abdomen. It plays important roles in filtering and purifying the blood, fighting infections, and storing and recycling red blood cells.
Splenectomy is usually performed as a treatment for certain medical conditions such as:
1. Damaged or ruptured spleen: In cases of trauma or injury to the spleen, where it is severely damaged or ruptured, immediate removal may be necessary to prevent excessive bleeding and potential life-threatening complications.
2. Certain blood disorders: In certain blood disorders like sickle cell disease or hereditary spherocytosis, where the spleen functions abnormally and destroys healthy blood cells, splenectomy may be performed to alleviate symptoms and improve overall health.
3. Splenic tumors or cysts: If the spleen develops tumors, cysts, or other abnormal growths, splenectomy may be necessary to remove the affected tissue.
4. Certain cancers: In some cases of lymphoma, leukemia, or other cancers that involve the spleen, surgical removal of the spleen may be part of the treatment plan.
After splenectomy, individuals are at an increased risk of certain bacterial infections, particularly those caused by encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. Therefore, lifelong vaccinations and preventive measures may be recommended to protect against these infections.