Why is a year on Mars longer than a year on Earth?

A year on Mars is longer than a year on Earth primarily because Mars takes a longer time to complete an orbit around the Sun. While Earth takes approximately 365.25 days to complete one orbit, Mars takes about 687 Earth days (or 1.88 Earth years) to complete its orbit. This difference in orbital periods is due to the varying distances between the two planets and their differing average velocities along their respective orbits.