Describe the three stages of stress response
The three stages of stress response are the alarm stage, the resistance stage, and the exhaustion stage.
1. Alarm stage: This is the initial stage of the stress response where the body perceives a threat or stressor. It triggers the release of stress hormones, such as adrenaline and cortisol, which prepare the body for fight or flight response. During this stage, the sympathetic nervous system becomes activated, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration. The body becomes more alert and focused, and energy resources are mobilized to deal with the perceived threat.
2. Resistance stage: After the initial alarm stage, if the stressor persists, the body enters the resistance stage. In this stage, the body tries to adapt and cope with the ongoing stressor. The levels of stress hormones may remain elevated, and the body continues to use resources to help manage the stress. However, if this stage is prolonged, it can lead to physical and psychological strain, as the body is in a constant state of heightened arousal.
3. Exhaustion stage: If the stressor persists or if the body is unable to cope effectively, it enters the exhaustion stage. During this stage, the body's resources become depleted, and it becomes more vulnerable to physical and psychological problems. Chronic stress can lead to fatigue, weakened immune system, increased susceptibility to illnesses, and mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. It is important to address and manage stress during this stage to prevent long-term negative health effects.