How can the molar mass of the metal be determined using the mole ratio between the metal acted and the hydrogen gas generated
To determine the molar mass of a metal using the mole ratio between the metal reacted and the hydrogen gas generated, the following steps can be followed:
1. Write and balance the chemical equation for the reaction between the metal and the hydrochloric acid, which produces hydrogen gas:
Metal + Hydrochloric Acid → Hydrogen Gas + Metal Chloride
2. Determine the mole ratio between the metal reacted and the hydrogen gas produced by examining the balanced chemical equation. The balanced equation indicates the number of moles of metal required to produce a certain number of moles of hydrogen gas.
3. Conduct the experiment by adding a known mass of the metal to excess hydrochloric acid in a reaction vessel.
4. Collect the hydrogen gas generated during the reaction. This can be done by using a gas collection apparatus such as a gas syringe or a gas burette.
5. Measure the volume of hydrogen gas collected. Ensure that the conditions (temperature and pressure) are recorded accurately because the volume of a gas is affected by these factors.
6. Use the ideal gas law equation, PV = nRT, to calculate the number of moles of hydrogen gas generated. Rearrange the equation to solve for n (moles):
n = PV/RT
P = pressure of hydrogen gas (in atm)
V = volume of hydrogen gas (in liters)
R = ideal gas constant (0.0821 L.atm/mol.K)
T = temperature of hydrogen gas (in Kelvin)
7. Use the mole ratio obtained in step 2 to determine the number of moles of metal reacted. Multiply the number of moles of hydrogen gas calculated in step 6 by the appropriate mole ratio from the balanced chemical equation.
8. Calculate the molar mass of the metal by dividing the mass of the metal used (known) by the number of moles of metal reacted (calculated in step 7):
Molar Mass = Mass of Metal / Moles of Metal Reacted
By following these steps, the molar mass of the metal can be determined using the mole ratio between the metal reacted and the hydrogen gas generated.