Decide wether the kinetic and potential energy increase or decrease in the phase changes.
from liquid to solid
solid to liquid
solid to gas
gas to liquid
gas to solid
In the phase changes mentioned, the kinetic and potential energy can be assessed as follows:
1. From liquid to solid:
In this phase change, both the kinetic and potential energy decrease. The kinetic energy decreases as the molecules slow down and have less translational motion. The potential energy decreases as the molecules move closer together and form a more ordered arrangement in the solid state.
2. From solid to liquid:
In this phase change, both the kinetic and potential energy increase. The kinetic energy increases as the molecules gain more translational motion and begin to move more freely. The potential energy increases because the intermolecular forces weaken and the molecules become less ordered.
3. From solid to gas:
In this phase change, both the kinetic and potential energy increase. The kinetic energy increases significantly as the molecules gain much greater translational motion. The potential energy increases as the intermolecular forces are completely overcome, causing the molecules to spread apart and become more disordered.
4. From gas to liquid:
In this phase change, both the kinetic and potential energy decrease. The kinetic energy decreases as the molecular motion slows down and becomes more constrained. The potential energy decreases as the molecules come closer together and form weaker intermolecular forces in the liquid state.
5. From gas to solid:
In this phase change, both the kinetic and potential energy decrease. The kinetic energy decreases significantly as the molecules lose their translational motion and have limited freedom of movement. The potential energy decreases as the molecules come together, forming stronger intermolecular forces in the solid state.