One possible reason why African independence movements failed to bring long-term success is that Africans had difficulty with democracy after the legacy of colonialism. Colonial rule often resulted in the suppression of democratic institutions and processes, leaving Africans with little experience or understanding of how to establish and maintain effective democratic systems. As a result, many newly independent African nations struggled with corruption, authoritarianism, and political instability, which hindered their long-term success. Another possible factor is the involvement of external powers, such as the Soviet Union, which provided arms and support to African leaders. While this external support may have initially helped independence movements gain momentum, it also contributed to increased militarization and conflict within Africa, further hampering the chances of long-term success. Additionally, some Africans may have chosen to assimilate back with their colonial power, aligning themselves politically and economically with former colonial rulers. This dependence on the former colonial power hindered genuine independence and limited the ability of African nations to fully exercise their sovereignty. Lastly, the Atlantic Charter, while promising self-determination and freedom for all peoples, did not ultimately provide sufficient support or resources for Africans to achieve full independence. The lack of concrete assistance from Western powers made it harder for African independence movements to overcome the challenges of post-colonial rule and establish sustainable societies.
