Development and expansion of pidgins language due to two main reasons. Name and explain them
The development and expansion of pidgin languages can be attributed to two main reasons: colonization and trade.
1. Colonization: Pidgin languages often emerge as a result of colonization when people from different linguistic backgrounds are brought together. During the colonial era, European powers established colonies in various parts of the world, forcing different groups of people to interact and communicate. The local indigenous languages and the languages of the colonizers often could not be easily understood by all, leading to the development of a simplified form of communication known as a pidgin language. These pidgins were typically based on the dominant language of the colonizers but incorporated elements from the indigenous languages. Pidgin languages served as a means of communication between the colonizers and the local population, as well as among different groups of locals.
For example, in the Pacific region, where British, French, Dutch, and Portuguese colonizers established colonies, a variety of pidgin languages emerged, such as the Tok Pisin in Papua New Guinea and Bislama in Vanuatu. These pidgins were initially used as a linguistic bridge for trade and labor but eventually evolved into the primary means of communication among local communities.
2. Trade: Pidgin languages also develop in regions characterized by extensive trade networks. In these settings, people from different linguistic backgrounds need to communicate for commercial purposes but may lack a common language. Pidgin languages arise as a simplification and blending of different languages to facilitate communication in the trading context.
An example of this is the West African Pidgin English, which has developed as a trade language along the coasts of West Africa due to the interactions between Europeans, local Africans, and other traders. This pidgin incorporates elements from English, Portuguese, and various African languages and has become widespread across the region as a lingua franca for trade and informal communication.
In summary, the development and expansion of pidgin languages are primarily influenced by colonization and trade. These languages emerge as a result of the need for simplified communication between people from different linguistic backgrounds, serving as a linguistic bridge in various sociocultural contexts.