due process, electronic surveillance, ex post facto, exclusionary rule, habeas, corpus, organized militia, procedural due process, search warrant, standing army, substantive due process. definition
1. Due process: A principle that ensures fair treatment and protection of individuals' legal rights during legal proceedings.
2. Electronic surveillance: The monitoring or interception of electronic communications, such as phone calls or emails, by government authorities for intelligence or law enforcement purposes.
3. Ex post facto: A law that makes an act illegal after it was committed, thereby punishing an individual for an action that was legal when it occurred.
4. Exclusionary rule: A legal principle that prohibits the use of evidence obtained in violation of a person's constitutional rights, typically through an unlawful search or seizure, from being admitted in a criminal trial.
5. Habeas corpus: A legal term meaning "you shall have the body," referring to the fundamental right of individuals to challenge the lawfulness of their detention or imprisonment and seek release from custody.
6. Organized militia: Also known as the National Guard, it refers to a state's military reserve force that can be called upon by both state and federal authorities for national defense or domestic emergencies.
7. Procedural due process: The requirement that government actions must be carried out according to established legal procedures to ensure fairness and protect individuals' rights.
8. Search warrant: An official court order issued by a judge or magistrate allowing law enforcement to conduct a search of a specified location for evidence of a crime.
9. Standing army: A permanent military force maintained by a government during peacetime, distinct from a reserve or militia force.
10. Substantive due process: The principle that certain fundamental rights are protected by the Constitution and cannot be infringed upon by the government, regardless of procedural safeguards.