What is separate underlying proficiency model mean in bilingualism
The Separate Underlying Proficiency (SUP) model in bilingualism refers to a theoretical framework that suggests that each language in a bilingual individual operates independently and has its own underlying proficiency level. According to this model, language proficiency in one language does not directly influence proficiency in the other language.
In the SUP model, the two languages are seen as distinct systems, where proficiency in one language is acquired and developed separately from proficiency in the other language. Bilingual individuals can have different levels of proficiency in each language, and factors such as exposure, usage, and context play a significant role in shaping proficiency levels.
This model contrasts with other theories, such as the Common Underlying Proficiency (CUP) model, which proposes that there is a shared underlying proficiency that influences both languages in a bilingual individual. The SUP model highlights the autonomy and separateness between the two languages, acknowledging that bilinguals can have different levels of proficiency in each language depending on various factors.