Explain the difference between a genotype and a phenotype
The genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, which includes all the genes that an individual possesses. These genes are inherited from both parents and determine various characteristics and traits of an individual. Genotype can be thought of as the blueprint or code that defines the potential traits and characteristics of an organism.
On the other hand, phenotype refers to the observable or measurable traits and characteristics of an individual. It is the expression of the genotype and can be influenced by various factors like environmental conditions, gene interactions, and gene expression. Phenotype includes physical attributes such as height, eye color, and hair color, as well as physiological and behavioral traits such as metabolism, intelligence, and personality.
In simpler terms, genotype refers to the genetic information or potential, while phenotype refers to the physical or observable expression of those genes. Genotype sets the stage for what traits an individual could have, but phenotype is what is actually observed in an individual.