Thermal energy is transferred to a substance. Which change can occur?

1: The kinetic and potential energy of the particles will stay the same
2: The particles can gain kinetic energy, but the potential energy of the particles will stay the same.
3: The particles will gain potential energy, but the kinetic energy of the particles will stay the same.
4: The particles can gain potential and kinetic energy.

4: The particles can gain potential and kinetic energy.