A theoretical framework in a literature review refers to the established theories, concepts, models, and frameworks that are relevant to the research topic. It provides a conceptual framework for understanding and interpreting the existing literature on the subject. Theoretical frameworks help researchers structure their literature review by identifying gaps in knowledge, defining key variables and concepts, and proposing hypotheses or research questions. They also serve as a basis for establishing the theoretical foundation of a research study and for guiding the analysis and interpretation of the data.
