A) Which of the following makes a copy of DNA to serve as the pattern for genetic code and
protein synthesis? (1 point)
rRNA
tRNA
RNA polymerase
mRNA
mRNA
A) Which of the following are involved in protein synthesis? (1 point)
transfer RNA only
messenger RNA only
ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA only
messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA
messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA
The correct answer is mRNA, which stands for messenger RNA. To arrive at this answer, let's break down the options and their roles in DNA replication and protein synthesis:
1) rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is involved in the formation of ribosomes, which are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. However, rRNA does not make a copy of DNA.
2) tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosomes, where they are incorporated into a growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. It does not make a copy of DNA.
3) RNA polymerase is an enzyme responsible for DNA transcription, which is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. However, it itself does not serve as the pattern for genetic code and protein synthesis.
4) mRNA (messenger RNA) is synthesized through the process of transcription by RNA polymerase. mRNA carries the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it serves as the template for protein synthesis. It acts as a copy of DNA, carrying the instructions for protein production.
Therefore, out of the options given, mRNA is the correct answer as it makes a copy of DNA to serve as the pattern for genetic code and protein synthesis.