Explain the key terms and steps in logical framework preparation? should be according extension program planning. within introduction, conclusion and reference.
Introduction:
The logical framework approach is a project planning and management tool that is widely used in the field of extension program planning. This approach helps to ensure the clear and systematic development of a program by outlining the program's objectives, indicators of success, activities, and resources required. The logical framework preparation involves key terms and steps that are essential for effective program planning and implementation.
Key Terms:
1. Goal: The broad and long-term objective that the extension program aims to achieve. It represents the desired impact on the target audience or community.
2. Objectives: Specific and measurable outcomes that contribute to the achievement of the program's goal. Objectives are the milestones or results that are necessary to reach the goal.
3. Activities: The tasks or actions that need to be carried out in order to achieve the program objectives. Activities are the tangible steps that program implementers need to undertake.
4. Outputs: The tangible products or deliverables that result from the program activities. Outputs are the direct results of the activities and serve as evidence of progress.
5. Indicators: The measurable parameters that are used to evaluate progress and success in achieving the objectives. Indicators provide a quantitative or qualitative measure of the desired changes.
Steps in Logical Framework Preparation:
1. Problem Analysis: Identify the specific problem or need that the extension program aims to address. Conduct a thorough analysis to understand the root causes, stakeholders, and context.
2. Objective Setting: Define clear and specific objectives that are realistic and achievable within the program's constraints. Objectives should be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-bound).
3. Activity Planning: Identify the activities that are necessary to achieve the program objectives. Determine the sequence, timeline, and resource requirements for each activity.
4. Outputs and Indicators: Define the outputs that will be generated by each activity and the corresponding indicators to measure their achievement. Indicators should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART).
5. Assumptions and Risks: Identify the assumptions and risks that may affect the success of the program. Develop strategies to mitigate risks and address assumptions.
6. Monitoring and Evaluation: Define the monitoring and evaluation plan to track progress, collect data on indicators, and assess the overall effectiveness of the program. This includes establishing a schedule for monitoring activities and evaluating success.
Conclusion:
The logical framework preparation is an integral part of extension program planning that helps to ensure the systematic development and success of the program. By defining clear objectives, activities, outputs, and indicators, program implementers can effectively monitor and evaluate progress towards the desired goals. It also helps in identifying and managing assumptions and risks that may hinder the program's success. Following the key terms and steps outlined in the logical framework approach will contribute to the effective design and implementation of extension programs.
Reference:
1. Patel, R. (2015). Program Evaluation for Agricultural Extension. In Handbook of Agricultural Extension Education (pp. 609-620). Springer International Publishing.