HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically the CD4 cells, which are crucial for fighting off infections and diseases. HIV weakens the immune system over time, making it harder for the body to fend off infections, leading to a condition called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV is primarily transmitted thual contact, sharing needles or syringes with an infected person, or from an HIV-positive mother to her child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Although there is no cure for HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART) medications can effectively control the virus and allow individuals with HIV to live long and healthy lives.
