How did Muhammad eventually return to Mecca as its ruler?
Options:
The Mexicans began to belobe in Islam and welcomed him back
Muslim armies conquered Mecca after Medina was invaded
Muhammad made a pilgrimage to Mecca called the hijirah
God told Muhammad through grabriel to go back to mecca
Muhammad eventually returned to Mecca as its ruler by a combination of diplomatic and military actions, rather than any one event listed in the options provided. The correct understanding of Muhammad's return to Mecca is summarized below:
1. The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah: In 628 CE, Muhammad set out to perform a pilgrimage to Mecca but was barred from entering the city by the Quraysh, the ruling tribe. Instead, he negotiated a treaty known as the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah with the Meccans. This treaty was pivotal as it established a 10-year peace agreement and granted Muslims the right to return to Mecca for pilgrimage the following year.
2. Strengthening of the Muslim Community: The peace established by the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah allowed for the increased spread of Islam and the strengthening of the Muslim community in Medina.
3. Breach of Treaty: The treaty was eventually breached by the Meccan allies, which gave Muhammad a just cause to act against Mecca.
4. Conquest of Mecca: In 630 CE, Muhammad gathered a large force and marched on Mecca. The city, seeing the overwhelming force and likely also influenced by the growing power and appeal of Islam, surrendered with minimal resistance. Muhammad offered clemency to the Meccan people, and many converted to Islam.
5. Establishment of Rule: After entering Mecca, Muhammad took down the idols in the Kaaba, reaffirming the monotheistic message of Islam, and shortly after, he effectively became the ruler of Mecca.
The options provided have elements that are not historically accurate:
- "The Mexicans began to believe in Islam and welcomed him back" – This is incorrect, and the mention of "Mexicans" is anachronistic and geographically misplaced.
- "Muslim armies conquered Mecca after Medina was invaded" – Medina was not invaded prior to the conquest of Mecca. The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah and the breach of that treaty were key factors leading up to the conquest.
- "Muhammad made a pilgrimage to Mecca called the hijirah" – The term "hijrah" refers to the migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE, not a pilgrimage to Mecca.
- "God told Muhammad through Gabriel to go back to Mecca" – While Muhammad's actions were informed by his prophetic mission, the return to Mecca as its ruler was a result of specific historical events and not solely a divine command to return at that time.
Therefore, the correct answer, based on historical sources, would be that Muslim armies, under Muhammad's leadership, non-violently conquered Mecca after a series of events that followed the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah.
Pick the correct answer from my options listed
Based on the context provided in the question and the options given, none of the options accurately describes how Muhammad became the ruler of Mecca according to Islamic tradition and historical accounts. However, if I had to choose the option that might be the closest to a correct representation (despite inaccuracies), I would select:
"Muslim armies conquered Mecca after Medina was invaded"
This option suggests a military approach, which has some semblance to the historical military march towards Mecca, although it inaccurately states that Medina was invaded first, which was not the case during the actual events leading up to the conquest of Mecca. The other options provided are more clearly incorrect, considering the historical accounts of Muhammad's return to Mecca.
The correct option is "Muslim armies conquered Mecca after Medina was invaded."
To understand this, let's briefly explain the historical context. Muhammad, the founder of Islam, initially faced opposition and persecution in Mecca. In 622 AD, he and his followers migrated to the city of Medina in an event known as the Hijrah. In Medina, Muhammad gained significant support and formed political alliances, which eventually led to the establishment of a strong Muslim community.
Over time, Muhammad and his followers engaged in various conflicts with the Meccan Quraysh tribe, who were the main opponents of Islam. These conflicts culminated in the Battle of Uhud in 625 AD, where the Muslims faced defeat, but were not completely subjugated.
However, in 630 AD, an event called the Conquest of Mecca unfolded. Muhammad and his Muslim army marched towards Mecca with a large force. However, instead of engaging in a military confrontation, the Meccans surrendered without a fight, realizing they were outnumbered and unable to resist the Muslims.
This event marked a significant turning point in Muhammad's journey, as he triumphantly returned to Mecca as its conqueror. With the city under his control, Muhammad proceeded to cleanse the Kaaba (the sacred Islamic site) of idols, restoring its status as a place of worship for Muslims.
It is crucial to note that the belief of the Mexicans embracing Islam and welcoming Muhammad back or the idea of Muhammad making a pilgrimage to Mecca called the Hijrah are not accurate in the historical context. Additionally, while it is believed that Muhammad received revelations from God through the angel Gabriel, there is no specific mention of God instructing Muhammad to go back to Mecca in this manner.