Sleep is an essential physiological process critical for physical health, cognitive function, and emotional well-being. It occurs in multiple stages, including REM (rapid eye movement) and various phases of non-REM sleep, each playing a distinct role in brain health, such as memory consolidation and cellular restoration. Adults typically require 7-9 hours of sleep per night, although needs vary by individual. Chronic sleep deprivation can lead to numerous health issues, including cardiovascular disease, obesity, depression, and impaired immune function.
