true or false. The P-value of a hypothesis test gives the probability that the null hypothesis is false.

False. The P-value in a hypothesis test does not give the probability that the null hypothesis is false. Instead, the P-value represents the probability of obtaining a test statistic at least as extreme as the one that was actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true. It is a measure of the evidence against the null hypothesis provided by the data, but it does not directly tell us the probability that the null hypothesis is false.