The steps of CPR are known as the ABCs- airway, breathing, and
compression. The ABCs of CPR have traditionally stood for Airway, Breathing, and Circulation, not "Compression." However, the guidelines have evolved, and the current approach as per the American Heart Association (AHA) emphasizes the sequence CAB – Compressions, Airway, and Breathing, especially for untrained rescuers.
Here's a brief overview of the steps involved in performing CPR:
**1. Compressions:**
- Start with chest compressions to circulate the blood. Place the heel of your hand on the center of the person's chest with the other hand on top of the first. Push down hard and fast, at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute and to a depth of at least 2 inches for adults.
**2. Airway:**
- After starting with compressions, quickly check the airway to make sure it is open. Tilt the head back slightly and lift the chin up to open the airway.
**3. Breathing:**
- Following the airway check, give rescue breaths if you're trained in the full CPR technique. Pinch the person’s nose shut and make a complete seal over the person’s mouth with yours. Blow into the mouth to make the chest rise. Give two breaths, each one lasting about one second.
**Important Note:** If you're not trained in CPR or unsure about giving breaths, the AHA recommends performing hands-only CPR, which consists solely of chest compressions. Hands-only CPR has been shown to be as effective as conventional CPR for sudden cardiac arrest in adults.
CPR techniques may vary slightly for infants and children, with modifications in the depth of compressions and the ratio of compressions to breaths.
Remember to call emergency services immediately if someone is having a cardiac arrest. Performing CPR while waiting for medical assistance can significantly increase the chances of survival.