The Age of Exploration, spanning from the 15th to the 17th century, played a crucial role in establishing "race" as a prominent aspect of human social structure. This was mainly due to the interactions between European explorers and native populations in the Americas, Africa, and Asia, which resulted in the emergence of racial hierarchies. Europeans frequently depicted themselves as superior and utilized the concept of race to validate their dominance over indigenous peoples.

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The Time of Exploration, which happened from the 1400s to the 1600s, played a very important role in creating the idea of "race" as a key part of how people are organized in society. This happened mostly because of how European explorers interacted with native populations in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. This led to the creation of systems where some races were seen as more important or powerful than others. Europeans often thought of themselves as better than the indigenous people and used the idea of race to justify their control over them.