5. Rub the yellow balloon on the sweater until you get all of the blue negative charges on the balloon. When you rub two things together and there is a transfer of negative charge, this charge distribution is called friction. Now, drag the balloon in between the wall and the sweater. Then release the balloon to see what happens. Explain what happened and why.
When I released the balloon it floated to the sweater.
To separate the charges of the conducting spheres so that one has a negative charge and the other has a positive charge, the student should choose option B: She should place a positively charged rod near the left sphere.
When a positively charged rod is brought near the left sphere, the excess positive charge from the rod will induce a redistribution of charges in the conductors. The negative charges in the left sphere will be attracted towards the positively charged rod, causing a separation of charges in the sphere. As a result, the left sphere will acquire a positive charge.
On the other hand, the right sphere will experience a repulsion of positive charges due to the presence of the positively charged rod. This repulsion will cause an equal redistribution of charges in the right sphere, leading to a separation of charges and an accumulation of negative charge. Hence, the right sphere will acquire a negative charge.
In summary, by placing a positively charged rod near the left sphere, the student can induce a separation of charges between the two conducting spheres, resulting in one sphere having a positive charge and the other sphere having a negative charge.
When you rubbed the yellow balloon on the sweater, it acquired negative charges from the blue charges in the sweater. This transfer of negative charge is known as friction. The yellow balloon now has a surplus of negative charge.
When you dragged the balloon in between the wall and the sweater, the negative charges on the balloon repelled the negative charges on the wall and the sweater. Since like charges repel each other, the balloon experienced a force pushing it away from the wall and the sweater.
When you released the balloon, the repulsion from the negative charges on the wall and the sweater caused the balloon to move away from them. However, since the balloon still has a surplus of negative charge, it was attracted to the sweater again, which has a neutral or slightly positive charge.
This attraction between the balloon and the sweater is due to the principle of electrostatic induction. The excess negative charge on the balloon induces a temporary separation of charges in the sweater, with the side of the sweater closest to the balloon becoming slightly positive. This temporary polarization of charges attracts the negatively charged balloon, causing it to float back towards the sweater.
sumarize
When you rubbed the yellow balloon on the sweater, it gained negative charges from the sweater, creating a charge distribution called friction. When you dragged the balloon between the wall and the sweater, the repulsion of negative charges caused the balloon to move away. However, due to electrostatic induction, the balloon was attracted back to the sweater when released, as the excess negative charge on the balloon induced a temporary separation of charges in the sweater. This temporary polarization attracted the balloon back towards the sweater, making it float towards it.
Now take that same balloon and drag it over to the wall. You will notice that the blue negative charges move away in the wall and then the balloon sticks to the wall. This charge distribution is called induction, because the negative charges move without any touching. Why does the balloon stick to the wall?
When you drag the balloon over to the wall, the negative charges on the balloon induce a temporary separation of charges in the wall. The side of the wall closest to the balloon becomes slightly positive, while the opposite side becomes slightly negative.
This temporary polarization of charges in the wall attracts the negatively charged balloon, causing it to stick to the wall. The negative charges on the balloon are attracted to the positive charges on the wall, creating an electrostatic force of attraction that holds the balloon in place.
In summary, the balloon sticks to the wall due to the principle of induction, where the negative charges on the balloon induce a separation of charges in the wall, creating an attractive force between the balloon and the wall.
Now reset the balloon. Again, collect the blue negative charges from the sweater, by rubbing the balloon on the sweater. Even bring the balloon close to the wall again. What do you notice about the movement of the negative charges in comparison to the positive charges? Explain why.
When you reset the balloon and rub it on the sweater to collect blue negative charges, you will notice that the negative charges move while the positive charges remain relatively stationary.
This is because in most materials, such as the balloon and the sweater, the negative charges (electrons) are loosely held in their respective atoms and can move more freely compared to the positive charges (protons) which are tightly bound within the atomic nucleus.
When the balloon is rubbed on the sweater, the friction causes the transfer of negative charges from the sweater to the balloon. The movement of negative charges occurs because the electrons are more mobile and can easily be transferred from one object to another.
On the other hand, the positive charges in the atoms of the sweater and the balloon remain relatively fixed during the rubbing process since they are tightly bound within the atomic nucleus and are not easily transferred.
Therefore, when you bring the negatively charged balloon close to the wall, the negative charges on the wall may either repel or attract the negative charges on the balloon, depending on the distribution of charges and the distance between them. The relatively stationary positive charges in the wall do not have as significant an effect on the movement of the charges.
SUMARIZEEE
When resetting the balloon and rubbing it on the sweater, you will notice that the negative charges move while the positive charges remain relatively stationary. This is because negative charges, such as electrons, are more mobile and easily transferred during friction. The positive charges, like protons, are tightly bound within the atomic nucleus and don't move as readily.
When the negatively charged balloon is brought close to the wall, the movement of negative charges on the balloon can either repel or attract the negative charges on the wall, depending on their distribution and distance. The positive charges in the wall do not have a significant effect on the movement of charges.
In summary, the rubbing of the balloon on the sweater causes the transfer of negative charges to the balloon, while the positive charges remain relatively stationary. The movement of negative charges is due to the mobility of electrons, while positive charges are tightly bound. When the negatively charged balloon is brought close to the wall, the interaction between the charges on the balloon and the wall depends on the distribution and distance between them.