References on Major source and fate of the following substances in ruminant digestion.
Propionic, ethanoic and butanoic acid
1. Cone, J.W., van Gelder, A.H., Visscher, G.J.W., and Oudshoorn, L. (1996). Influence of rumen fluid pH on the volatile fatty acid production in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science, 79(5), 818-826.
This study investigated the effects of rumen fluid pH on the production of volatile fatty acids (VFA), including propionic, ethanoic, and butanoic acid. The researchers used an in vitro system to simulate rumen conditions and measured the VFA production at different pH levels. The results provide insights into the major source and fate of these acids in ruminant digestion.
2. Gagen, E.J., Padmanabha, J., Denman, S.E., McSweeney, C., and Morrison, M. (2015). Quantitative pyrosequencing reveals microbial communities in the rumen associated with bovine methane emissions. Plos ONE, 10(2), e0117783.
This study aimed to identify the microbial communities responsible for methane production in the rumen and their metabolic pathways, including VFA production. The researchers used quantitative pyrosequencing to analyze the rumen microbial composition in methane-emitting and low-emitting cattle. By understanding the microbial populations involved, the study sheds light on the major sources and fates of propionic, ethanoic, and butanoic acid in ruminant digestion.
3. Carro, M.D., and Miller, E.L. (1999). Effect of pH on efficiency of nitrogen utilization by mixed ruminal bacteria in continuous culture. Journal of Animal Science, 77(2), 343-351.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of pH on the efficiency of nitrogen utilization by ruminal bacteria in continuous culture. The researchers examined the production of VFA, including propionic, ethanoic, and butanoic acid, under different pH conditions. The findings provide insight into how pH can influence the major source and fate of these acids in ruminant digestion.
4. Fellner, V., Burns, J.C., Marshall, D.S., and Kincaid, R.L. (1997). Influence of ruminal pH and level of intake on the recovery of liquid- and solid-associated bacteria from the rumen of cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 75(10), 2580-2588.
This study investigated the recovery of liquid- and solid-associated bacteria from the rumen of cattle under different ruminal pH and intake levels. The researchers collected samples to analyze the composition of the microbial populations and their role in VFA production, including propionic, ethanoic, and butanoic acid. The results shed light on the major sources and fate of these acids in ruminant digestion under different feeding conditions.