Describe plant nutrition and list the macro and micro elements
Plant nutrition refers to the process by which plants obtain essential nutrients from the environment to support their growth and development. These nutrients are required in varying quantities and are obtained through the roots from the soil, or through the leaves from the air.
Macronutrients are the major elements required in relatively large quantities by plants. They are necessary for the plant's overall growth and development. The primary macronutrients include:
1. Nitrogen (N)
2. Phosphorus (P)
3. Potassium (K)
4. Calcium (Ca)
5. Magnesium (Mg)
6. Sulfur (S)
Micronutrients, also known as trace elements or minor elements, are required by plants in very small quantities for specific physiological and biochemical processes. Although they are needed in smaller amounts, they are equally important for plant health. The essential micronutrients include:
1. Iron (Fe)
2. Manganese (Mn)
3. Zinc (Zn)
4. Copper (Cu)
5. Boron (B)
6. Molybdenum (Mo)
7. Nickel (Ni)
8. Chlorine (Cl)
Plants require a balanced supply of all these essential nutrients for optimal growth and productivity. The deficiency or excess of any of these elements can result in various nutrient disorders, affecting the plant's health. It is crucial for farmers and gardeners to provide adequate nutrition to plants through appropriate fertilization practices to ensure their well-being.